Click here to read the original report in Persian. The following is an edited version of the Justice for Iran’s report which was translated and published on the Rojava Report’s website.
Justice for Iran- March2015: Zeynab Jalalian, a Kurdish political prisoner, is the only female political prisoner sentenced to life imprisonment in Iran. Since her arrest seven years ago, her basic human rights have been violated repeatedly and in various ways. In addition to these violations, she has been deprived of access to health facilities in Khoi prison, where she is held at the moment.
Zeynab Jalalian was arrested on 2008 on a road in Kermanshah. She was initially sentenced to death for her alleged membership in the Party for Free Life of Kurdistan (PJAK), and alleged armed activities against Islamic Republic of Iran. The death sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment in 2009. Although Zeynab is serving her term in prison, she does not have access to any proper medical facilities, medications or necessary treatments for the physical illnesses caused by the condition of the prison system, and prolonged years of torture.
Moreover, the Iranian Judiciary does not grant a medical furlough to her unless she makes a confession on Iran’s state media.
Zeynab Jalalian has been diagnosed with conjunctiva and as a result, she is on the verge of losing her eyesight. In addition to conjunctiva, long years of imprisonment and physical mistreatment has led to multiple severe physical conditions, among those are a terminal intestine infection and gastrointestinal bleeding, for which she needs immediate access to medical attention and specialized treatment. Although her family has accepted to pay for the medical expenses, the representatives of the Ministry of Intelligence has yet to approve her furlough from prison for medical treatment.
Justice for Iran has conducted an evidence based report on Zeynab Jalalian’s legal case. Eyewitness testimonies, documentations and evidence shed light on the unjust conditions of the trials during which Zeynab’s sentences were issued. Additionally, following her arrest, she was severely tortured. Some of the torture methods include: rape threats, hitting her head against the wall (causing fraction in her forehead, which later turned into an eye inflammation,) whipping her feet with metal cable, and blindfolded interrogation sessions, while her hands and legs were tied together.
Spending her sentence in a small crowded cell, being forced to obey the Islamic dressing codes and wear Islamic hijab inside an all women prison, limitation on using the toilet or having outdoor breaks, constant illegal search, seizure and demolition of her personal belongings, controlling her private conversation with her family and other cellmates, are only a few examples of the pressures imposed on her during the past seven years.
“Justice for Iran” in collaboration with the REDRESS Institute have submitted a formal complaint to The United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention seeking justice for Zeynab regarding her arbitrary arrest and initial life-imprisonment sentencing. In this complaint, we have made it clear that state actors should be held responsible for their non-observance of International Law with regards to the arbitrary arrest and detention of Zeynab Jalalian. This complaint marks the seventh year anniversary of Zeynab Jalalian’s arrest on International Women’s Day; she remains to be the only female political prisoner sentenced to life imprisonment in Iran.
The information provided in this report is based on a comprehensive study of the legal proceedings and verdicts, testimonies from Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab’s sister, Zeynab’s letter which was published after her initial death sentence, information from Zeynab’s former attorneys, interviews with Rebin Rahmani and Saman RasoulPour, two Kurdish activists serving prison time concurrently with Zeynab who were involved with her legal case; and a list of individuals whose names and identity are anonymous due to security reasons for their safety.
The mission of the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention is to investigate cases of deprivation of liberty imposed arbitrarily or otherwise inconsistent with the relevant international standards set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. An independent and impartial panel of five Human Rights experts after investigations and deliberations will announce their decision to the involved nation-states and require the government to respond to the claims.
REDRESS and Justice for Iran have urged the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention to intervene on behalf of a female Kurdish activist who is currently serving a life sentence in Iran after she was arrested on International Women’s Day seven years ago.To read the submission, please click here.
In addition to filing an individual complaint for Zeynab Jalalian with the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Justice for Iran has produced the first report in Persian on Zeynab’s case. The investigation of Justice for Iran has shown that the legal proceedings of this case, in accordance with the international obligations of the Islamic Republic, has repeatedly violated her basic Human Rights. These violations have occurred during the time of the arrest, interrogation, prosecution and imprisonment.
The original publication of this report marks the first time in seven years that a comprehensive study of her case has been brought forward in Persian language. In this report we have tried to review the evidence and thus modify, clarify and correct the inaccuracies, contradictions, incorrect and misleading information which has been published in different media outlets about Zeynab Jalalian over the past seven years.
Who is Zeynab Jalalian?
Zeynab Jalalian is a Kurdish activist who was born in 1982[1], in Deim Qeshlaq a small village around Maku in Eastern Azerbaijan province in Iran. The poor social and cultural conditions of her birthplace deprived Zeynab from continuing her education which later forced Zeynab and her sister, Deniz, to leave their hometown for Iraqi Kurdistan in 2000 in order to study and pursue their social and political activities.
During her time in Iraqi Kurdistan as a supporter of Kurdish Workers Party (P.K.K) she was engaged with women’s movement and social work. She did not have any other engagement with PKK during this time. After the establishment of PJAK in 2004 Zeynab joined this group with hopes of improving Kurdish women’s condition in the region. Most of her social work involved education and recreation development for women and during her involvement with PJAK, she never participated in any armed or military activities.[2] Jalalian told one of her cellmates that upon her arrest, she was not carrying any weapons and she had never carried or owned any sort of weaponry. [3]
One of the women rights activists in Kamyaran:Rebin Rahmani, a Kurdish human rights activist says that she travelled to Iran several times prior to her arrest and had worked on the ground with regard to Women’s Rights issues. Rahmani says according to a Women’s Rights activist in Kamyaran on March 8th, the International Women’s Day, Zeynab had visited Bent-ol-Hoda High School in Kamyaran to give a speech and present an introduction on the importance of this day and its history. She had also given flowers to the students. Having known Zeynab’s enthusiasm and interest, one of the teachers at school had invited her to give a speech and she accepted the offer.[4]
On March 10th 2008, Zeynab Jalalian was arrested by intelligence services on the Kermanshah-Sanandaj road. On December 3rd 2008, Judge Moradi, the Chief Judge of the Revolutionary Court of Kermanshah, branch number one, sentenced Zeynab to death on accounts of “armed actions against Islamic Republic of Iran, ”membership in PJAK,” “possessing and carrying illegal weapons and military equipment and engaging in acts of propaganda warfare against the Islamic Republic of Iran.”[5] This sentence was later confirmed on April 2nd 2009 by Judge Ali Mohammad Roshani, of the Kermanshah Court of Appeals, branch number four.[6]
On several occasions during the past couple of years, Zeynab Jalalian and her lawyers have requested her transfer to Maku Prison, which is in vicinity of her family’s residence. She was moved to Khoi prison in West Azerbaijan province on November 2014. Khoi is three hours away from her family’s residence which makes visitations for her relatives, specifically her elderly parents, very challenging. On November 2009 her death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, while her lawyers were constantly trying to request for a retrial.
Accounts of Violations of Human Rights in Zeynab Jalalian’s Case:
Justice for Iran’s investigation in Zeynab Jalalian’s case indicates that in the process of her arrest, interrogation, prosecution, trial and sentencing; she was repeatedly subjugated to violations of human rights law. According to our investigation her treatment, as a political prisoner, is incompatible with domestic Iranian law and international obligations to which Islamic Republic of Iran is bound.
Among other human rights infringements in this case are the breach of principle of prohibition of arbitrary detention, arrest without a warrant, violated the right of access to legal counsel, violating the principle of the prohibition of torture, prevention of contact and visitation from the family, violations of the rights of prisoners to access health services and violation of the principles of fair trial and due process of law.[7]
Violation of Ban on “Indefinite Detention”: Arrest without Verdict
Zeynab was arrested by three or four undercover agents, also known as “Lebas Shakhsi,” at the Ghazanchi checkpoint near Kamyaran. Based on one of the passenger’s testimony who was on the same bus as Zeynab,[8] after being stopped at the checkpoint the bus was surrounded by armed officers, and everyone was taken out of the bus. Later the officers tied Zeynab’s hands and feet, and dragged her out of the bus and put her in the trunk of a black Peugeot car. [9]
Immediately after her arrest she was transferred to the detention centre of the intelligence service centre of Kermanshah known as Meydan Naft, and later moved to Correction and Rehabilitation Center in Kermanshah. During this time, she did not know her charges. [10]
It was not till November of 2009 that she was informed of her charges by Judge Moradi. During her stay at the Correction and Rehabilitation Center she was constantly moved back and forth to the Ministry of Intelligence centre at Meydan Naft.
On March 2009, she was transferred from the Correction and Rehabilitation Center in Kermanshah to Tehran’s Evin prison without any previous notice to her family or her lawyers. She was not also provided a reasons for such a transfer. She was held in 209 section of Evin prison for 5 months. The execution of four other Kurdish prisoners on May 9th 2010, in Evin Prison disturbed her family deeply since they thought she may be among those executed.[11] On August 2010 Zeynab was moved from Evin prison to Dizel Abad prison in Kermanshah and remained there until November 2014. She has been held in Khoi prison ever since.[12]
Violation of The Right to seek Legal Counsel, and The Right to Retain an Attorney
According to the letter published by Zeynab in the fall of 2009, she was put on trial and sentenced without legal representation. Meanwhile the Jalalian family had managed to pay a legal fee of 120 million Iranian Rials to an attorney named Fariborz Ensani Mehr. [13]
Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab’s sister stated that Zeynab was not allowed to meet with her lawyer before the trial and the proceedings took place in the absence of this lawyer. After the death sentence was announced, Fariborz Ensani Mehr requested to resign and drop her case, as he had told her family “they won’t let me do anything, and they want me to resign and drop the case, and I will do so.” In a petition for retrial, the name of another lawyer is also mentioned: Ajdar Panj Azar Habashi. Until today the role of this lawyer in Zeynab’s case remains unclear.[14]
After the initial death sentence, Zeynab’s father asked a few human rights lawyers to accept her case. However each lawyer was directly or indirectly rejected by the judiciary system. [15]Khalil Bahramian, who was presented by Zeynab’s family to the court after months of effort, was not able to have Zeynab sign the letter of representation and consequently was unable to legally represent her.[16]
After many months of struggle finally in the summer of 2010 Zeynab was able to meet her new lawyer, Mohammad Sharif, and sign a letter of representation that allowed her to be officially represented by him. As of now, her case is represented by Mohammad Sharif and Amir Salar Davoudi.[17]
Violation of Ban of Torture
Right after her arrest she was moved to the News Office of the Ministry of Intelligence in Kermanshah also known as Meydan Naft, during which time she was mistreated and tortured. One of her cellmates,[18] detained for drug related charges, whose identity is anonymous for safety reasons, has told Justice for Iran that during her stay at the detention center in May 2008, she could hear Zeynab’s screams and hear her head constantly being beaten against her cell walls. The above mentioned inmate had been deeply affected by being exposed to Zeynab’s tortures. She had once asked one of the officers that what is this woman’s crime, for which she is being tortured so hard, and the response was that “she is a guerilla[19] member of PJAK and we won’t let her go until she confesses.”[20]
One month after her arrest, in a phone call she had told her family that during her detention at Meydan Naft, she had been tortured during interrogation while blindfolded. She had also later told her family that during the first month of her arrest she had been held in a solitary confinement at Meydan Naft and was repeatedly threatened with rape, her feet were whipped and her head beaten against the wall. On one occasion, an officer had hit her head so hard causing her forehead to fracture resulting in severe internal bleeding.
Zeynab had told one of her cellmates that “after getting whipped on the soles of my feet, they would move me to my cell while I was unconscious. Then they would force me to walk in the prison corridor on my tender feet. Later they would whip me some more. The pain was excruciating.”[21]
Based on testimonies of Zeynab’s cellmates, after her transfer to Correction and Rehabilitation Center in Kermanshah, a team from Ministry of Intelligence moved Zeynab in and out of the center repeatedly. Each time upon her return, the traces of torture on her body were evident. One of the former soldier trainees at the center, and a former inmate charged with drug related crimes, has stated that according to a letter by the intelligence ministry, Zeynab was prohibited from having any contact with other prisoners.[22]
During one of the interrogation sessions, after having her head repeatedly beaten against the wall, Zeynab kicked the interrogator in an act of self-defense. The interrogator had felt on the ground and later filed a complaint against Zeynab, as she had stated her action was in self-defense, emphasizing that she had been beaten and had suffered a fractured forehead and eye injuries. Although she had reported her complaints right after the incident and the signs of torture was evident on her forehead, nevertheless there has never been a follow up with regard to her medical complaint.[23]
During her first months of arrest, she was subjected to severe mental tortures in addition to the physical ones. RebinRahmani, who was held in detention at the Dizel Abad prison, during the same period of time states:
“Through one of Zeynab’s friend, who was a middle-aged man from Turkish Kurdistan,[24] I was told that his interrogator had threatened him to put him and Zeynab in one room and film them nude if they did not cooperate with the interrogation process. The threat was so horrifying to him that he once told me that if it had happened; he would have definitely committed suicide.”[25]
During Zeynab’s detention at Evin prison in Tehran she was also subjected to different types of torture to coerce her to do a televised confession. She went on hunger strikes both in Kermanshah and Tehran.[26]
One of the officials from intelligence ministry known as Haji Ghorban who was also in charge of other political prisoners such as Farzad Kamngar and Shirin Alam Holi[27] had met with Zeynab’s family during Nowruz holidays in Tehran. He had threatened them saying that if Zeynab did not cooperate and continued to refuse to do a televised confession, she would be executed.[28]
Violation of Principles of Fair Trial
In November 2008, Zeynab was sentenced to death for armed activities against the Islamic Republic of Iran, involvement with PJAK, possession of armed weaponry and creating propaganda against the Islamic Republic. The method of her execution had been mentioned: “to be hung from a pole.”
Based on testimonies of one of Zeynab’s cellmates, in Dizel Abad prison,[29] Judge Moradi insulted Zeynab and her family during her court session, telling her “I will execute you” and prevented Zeynab from defending herself. In a letter published by Zeynab in fall of 2008, Zeynab had mentioned that she was sentenced in a trial lasting only a few minutes. No lawyers appeared on her behalf, nor any documents or evidence were provided before the court.
In that letter she has written:
“I am Zeynab Jalalian, a Kurdish political prisoner. I am prevented from having a lawyer and during a trial which only lasted a few minutes the judge has told me that I am “an enemy against God (Mohareb)” and like “all the other moharebs, you will soon be executed.-”[30]
During an appeal session on May 6th 2009, in the Kermanshah Court of Appeals, branch number four, Judge Ali Mohammad Roshani, once again without the presence of her lawyer confirmed her initial death sentence.
Violation of Prisoners’ rights: Prohibition of Family Visits
It was only three weeks after her initial arrest that Zeynab’s family were informed of her condition through a phone call made by someone introducing himself an official from Ministry of Intelligence Meydan Naft prison. Zeynab later informed her family in a three-minute phone conversation that she had been under arrest for almost a month.
During the past seven years, she has had very limited visits or contact with her family. During her time at Meydan Naft, she did not have any visits with her family. After her transfer to the Correction and Rehabilitation Center and later to Dizel Abad prison, she was still deprived of her right to have regular visits with her family. It was only in Dizel Abad prison where she was allowed to have two-minute phone conversations with her immediate family. Most of the information that her family has been providing to us is based on these two-minute phone conversations, which were also controlled.
In the October of 2014, Deniz Jalalian stated that in the past three years her sister was deprived of family visits, either due a lack of official permission or because of the distance of the prison where she is held.[31]
In June of 2014, Ali Jalalian, Zeynab’s father stated that her visits with Zeynab had been cut. “We went to the prison to visit her, they did not allow us. They neither let us see her, nor do we receive any updates about her condition. When she calls, she says they don’t give me visitation permits. When we go to the prison, they make us wait outside for some time, then they tell us that your daughter has refused to see you. How that is possible? They are lying. Zeynab just made a phone call and was asking us when will we be able to visit her. Next time when she called, I asked her why you refused to see us, to which she replied when we visit they torture me; they take me to the Intelligence [Ministry.]”[32]
Her family was not informed about her sudden transfer to section 209 of Evin prison in Tehran in 2009. This limbo and the constant lack of information regarding their daughter’s location and condition has had severe mental effects on her parents.[33]
Repeated appeals by her lawyers’ and despite her parents requests to transfer Zeynab to a location closer to her family residence; their appeals have been rejected in the past six years. Finally, at the end of November 2014, when she was transferred from Dizel Abad to Khoi prison in West Azerbaijan province, three hours away from her family’s residence. Since her transfer to Khoi prison, she has had the same privileges as other prisoners, like regular visits and phone calls. However, her requests for a furlough has been continually denied. Mohammad Sharif, her lawyer, has told Justice for Iran that the prerequisite for a furlough is giving a televised confession, which Zeynab has refused to do so.[34]
Violation of The Right of Access to Health Services
Zeynab Jalalian has been diagnosed with conjunctiva and is on the verge of losing her eyesight as a result. In addition to conjunctiva, long years of arrest have led to multiple severe physical conditions, such as terminal intestine infection and gastrointestinal bleeding, and prison officials are preventing her from receiving medical treatment.
According to her family, Zeynab was in a healthy condition prior to her arrest, and all these severe illnesses are due to lack of hygiene in the prison, lack of access to a healthy diet and years of torture and physical mistreatment.
From her first months of imprisonment Zeynab started to have eye problems, which has shadowed her health and put her on the edge of losing her eyesight. In early October 2013, Zeynab’s health condition declined drastically. According to the health service centre of Dizel Abad prison, she urgently needs to have a surgery on her eyes, otherwise a lack of treatment will lead to complete blindness.
In May of 2012, after months of constant inquiry, Zeynab was transferred to Imam Reza Clinic in Kermanshah where prison officials rejected the request to have her surgery done by a specialised doctor in the clinic, only allowing the surgery to be done in the prison, which in itself is almost an impossible task as the costs of such a surgery in the prison are extremely high and her family is not able to afford the expenses.
In July 2013, her family was notified of her months’ long struggle with gastrointestinal bleeding and severe intestinal and kidney infection, which make even daily walks challenging for her. Based on their brief phone conversations, they believe that her internal bleeding are due to the physical violence which she has been subjected to during her interrogations (she has been kicked in her stomach frequently). [35]
Although her health conditions are deteriorating, prison officials are refusing to send her to a specialised clinic outside the prison or to give her a furlough.
In October of 2013, one of her cellmates[36] in the prisons told Justice for Iran that “Zeynab’s conditions are deteriorating on all accounts,” according to this anonymous eye witness, “due to worsening her eye problems and other health complications during the past year, and especially as of Mordad 1393, Zeynab is under undo pressure to severe her ties with the outside world. At the same time, due to the poor state of her health she is also unwilling to meet with her family and as a result of all these pressures she becomes more isolated from the world. She even needs help to do her daily chores in prison but because of her personality she cannot share the condition of her daily suffering with family and her lawyers.”[37]
While the evidence indicates that at least in two occasions cases of medical treatments has been used as a method of torture on Zeynab. She had told her family that on few occasions she had been taken to the health service centre in the prison, where she had got some forceful injections while being tied to the bed, all of which she had refused to take. She had told the doctor in charge that, as a prisoner, she has the right to know what type of medication and injections she is receiving and she should not undergo forced treatment. One time she was threatened to have a virginity test. but she refused and as a result she was returned to her warden stating that she had refused “treatment.” [38]
Violation of Prisoners’ Right of Security and Basic Living Facilities
Currently Zeynab Jalalian is serving a life sentence but she has been deprived of her rights as a prisoner to access health facilities and basic healthcare. Multiple reports indicates this political prisoner’s condition does not meet the minimum living standards.
Amir Salar Davoudi, Zeynab’s lawyer, in a Facebook post stated that Zeynab is held in a prison cell with six other inmates, which only has the capacity for three people. Every two days their cell is searched aggressively and even in one case the officers had ripped her Shahnameh book. She is forced to obey the Islamic code of dress – such as wearing a scarf, a long thick pants, and a Manto in an all women cell. They also limit her usage of the toilet to two times per day. These are some of the restrictions imposed on Zeynab and other inmates sharing the cell with her. Zeynab had told her lawyer that she is only allowed to have half an hour of outdoor break and in the devastating heat of August none of the cells in Dizel Abad prison were equipped with either air condition or even air circulation. She had also told Mr. Davoudi that the prison’s store only sells limited items, such as cookies, tea and juice which Zeynab and her cellmates were not even allowed to purchase.[39]
Because of the sensitive nature of her case, not only Zeynab but also her cellmates have always been closely scrutinized. Other inmates have been forced to terminate their contact with her and their belongings have been confiscated on multiple occasions. [40]
In March of 2013, she had told her father that her personal belongings are checked more than before and the circumstances in the prison are only worsening.
Human Right Violators in Zeynab Jalalian’s case
Based on Justice for Iran’s investigation, officers and interrogators in Kermanshah Ministry of Intelligence centers, officials at the women section of creation and rehabilitation center in Kermanshah, section 209 of Evin prison in Tehran, Dizel Abad prison in Kermanshah and Khoi prison are all responsible for the violations of the fundamental rights of Jalalian as a prisoner and participating in her torture.. Moreover, the judges in both the initial and appeal courts are responsible for ignoring standard trial ethics and regulations for which they must be questioned and held accountable.
Judge Moradi, The Chief Judge of The Revolutionary Court of Kermanshah, Branch Number One
Judge Moradi has violated several Human Rights principles including the violation of the presumption of innocence and imposing a death penalty before examining the necessary evidence which is contrary to the principles of International Law. For his ruling on Zeynab Jalalian- who had only engaged in civil and political activities- has to be held accountable.
Judge Moradi in part of his written verdict in Zeynab Jalalian’s case writes:
“The mentioned convict is one of the main members of the group who has been persuading many others to join the group and has been trying to disseminate propaganda against the government. She has entered the country illegally many times and perhaps has been engaged in many terrorist activities as well and continuously refuses to confess.”
The above mentioned verdict indicates that Judge Moradi does not have any evidence regarding Zeynab’s involvement in terrorist activities and the capital punishment was only imposed based on the judge’s presumptions. This verdict is in violation of the article 37 of the Islamic Republic of Iran constitution which states: “Innocence is to be presumed, and no one is to be held guilty of a charge unless his or her guilt has been established by a competent court.”
Judge Moradi did not have any credible evidence linking Zeynab Jalalian’s involvement in terrorist activities and the initial death sentence was in violation of the article 37 of the Islamic Republic of Iran Constitution.
Judge Moradi is also accountable for failure to respect the basic requirements of fair trial by insulting the defendant and threatening her with the death penalty, ignoring the pressure and torture used against the defendant during interrogation, ignoring the defendant’s right to an attorney and legal advice and neglecting to recognize the conduct of the Secret Police and their violation of the due process of law. Thus, Judge Moradi is responsible and should be held accountable for these violations.
Judge Moradi is notorious for issuing harsh verdicts for civil right activists. In 2010, Kaveh Ghasemi Kermanshahi, journalist and civil right activist, was sentenced to 5 years in Dizel Abad prison on accounts of “actions against national security through membership in the Kurdistan Human Rights Defense Organization” and “propagating against the establishment through publication of news and reports, and interviews with the media,” as well as contacting families of political prisoners and those who were killed.
Ali Mohammad Roshani, Court of Appeals Judge
As the Chief Judge of Kermanshah the Court of Appeals, branch number four, Ali Mohammad Roshani has committed Human Rights violations by affirming the lower court’s ruling in a highly charged political case brought forward by the Intelligence Police, ignoring the lack of proper legal defense and fair trial and reaffirmation and confirmation of the preliminary ruling.
He also must be held accountable for dismissing torture during interrogation, ignoring the strong Intelligence Ministry’s presence throughout the trial process and their illegal interventions in the legal proceedings.
Approving the initial death sentence for Zeynab Jalalian and a 4 years in imprisonment for Kaveh Ghasemi Kermanshahi are two examples of Ali Mohammad Roshani’s failure in the Court of Appeals. He must be held responsible for the violation of Zeynab’s basic civil rights, both as a citizen and as a detainee.
Conclusion
Justice for Iran investigation of Jalalian case suggests that during the process of arrest, interrogation, trial and sentencing of this political prisoners -in addition to violations of human rights and international treaty obligations- Iran’s domestic laws have also explicitly been ignored.
Some of the Human Rights violations in this case include arbitrary and violent detention, use of torture to obtain confession, lack of sufficient and necessary legal representation, unfair trial, lack of the right to conjugal visit and lack of access to essential health care.
“Justice for Iran” is demanding the followings:
-The immediate annulment of Zeynab Jalalian’s life-sentence, due to unjust circumstances of her initial trial.
-Access to medical facilities and specialized treatment for her physical illnesses with all the deliberate speed.
-During the time of detention, Zeynab must have her basic rights as a prisoner, including health and hygiene facilities in the prison, access to furlough and family visits based on the Islamic of Republic of Iran Laws and the norms of International Law.
-To restore justice, Zeynab Jalalian and her family should receive monetary compensation since the Iranian Judiciary has failed in process of adjudication and they are required to satisfy the international treaty obligations of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
– Ministry of Intelligence officers, interrogators, judicial representatives who were somehow part of either Zeynab’s initial trial or appeal should be accountable for their actions. Especially, Judge Moradi, the Chief Judge of Revolutionary Court of Kermanshah, branch number one, and Judge Ali Mohammad Roshani, of Kermanshah Court of Appeals, branch number four must be accountable for sentencing and affirming the death sentence on Zeynab Jalalian.
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[1] Some sources have indicated that she was born in 1983-4 but due to the lack of access to Zeynab Jalalian we were unable to independently verify her exact date of birth.
[2] Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab Jalalian’s sister, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[3] “I am not afraid of death, I am a Peshmerga for Freedom,” Committee for Human Rights, 17 Farvardin 1390
[4] Rabin Rahmani, interviews with Justice for Iran Persian Azar 1393
[5] See the judgment of the lower court Jalalian in the Appendix section
[6] See Jalalian’s appeals in the Appendix section
[7] Mohammad Sharif: The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, Azar 1390
[8] This person shall remain anonymous. His identity is known to Justice for Iran.
[9] Rebin Rahmani interviews with Justice for Iran Azar 1393
[10] Deniz Jalalian, sister of Zeynab Jalalian, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[11]Muhammad Sharif: The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, 28 Azar 1390 http://persian.iranhumanrights.org/1390/09/zeinab_jalalian_sentence/
[12] Farzad Kamangar, Ali Heidarian, Farhad Vakili, Shirin Alam Holi, four political prisoners accused of collaborating with the PKK and Mehdi Eslamian, accused of involvement in the Shiraz bombing on 9 May 2010, all of whom were executed in Evin Prison. See: Four men and a woman were executed for “in involvement in counter-revolutionary groups” BBC Persian service, 9 May 2010 http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2010/05/100509_l01_execution_kamangir.shtml
[13] Who answers my unanswered questions? Interview with Zeynab Jalalian’s Father, Tahieh Website, 9 Azar 1388
http://old.tahieh.net/index.php?tsk=read&id=594
[14] Let my daughter live; A conversation with Zeynab Jalalian’s father by Fereshteh Ghazi, RoozOnline website 8 Tir 1389
http://www.roozonline.com/persian/interview/interview-item/archive/2010/june/29/article/-622c24b688.html
[15] Zeynab Jalalian is unaware of the possibility of her daughter’s execution, BBC Persian, 8 Tir 1389 http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2010/06/100629_l10_jalalian_execution_rumour.shtml
[16] Jalalian’s Lawyer: Tehran Chief Prosecutor prohibits the implementation of law, Deutsche Welle, 9 Tir 1389 http://dw.com/p/O6zN?tw
[17] Mohammad Sharif Esq. describes the situation of those on the death row in Iran, the Committee of Human Rights Reporters. 8 Tir 1389 http://www.chrr.biz/spip.php?article10039&var_recherche=%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%20%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86
[18] The identity of this prisoners is reserved in Justice for Iran’s archive
[19] Guerrilla in English
[20] Saman Rasoulpour, interviews with Justice for Iran Persian. Bahman 1392
[21] “I am not afraid of death, I am a Peshmerga for Freedom,” Reporters Committee for Human Rights, 17 Farvardin 1390 http://bit.ly/1EdBe3P
[22] Saman Rasoulpour, interviews with Justice for Iran, Bahman 1392
[23] Saman Rasoulpour, interviews with Justice for Iran, Bahman 1392
[24]The identity of this prisoners is reserved in Justice for Iran’s archive
[25] Rebin Rahmani, interviews with Justice for Iran Azar 1393
[26] Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab Jalalian’s sister, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[27] Farzad Kamangar, Shirin Alam Holi were two political prisoners who were executed on May 19 1389 for alleged membership in PJAK
[28] Rebin Rahmani, interviews with Justice for Iran, Azar 1393
[29] The name of the prisoner to Justice for Iran reserved
[30] Muhammad Sharif: The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, 28 Azar 1390
[31] Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab Jalalian’s sister, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[32] Fereshteh Ghazi, Jalalian at risk of blindness, the RoozOnline, 25 Khordad 1393 http://www.roozonline.com/persian/news/newsitem/archive/2014/june/15/article/-4eb446841f.html
[33] Deniz Jalalian, sister Zeynab Jalalian, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[34] Fereshteh Ghazi, Jalalian at risk of blindness, the day online, 25 Khordad 1393 http://www.roozonline.com/persian/news/newsitem/archive/2014/june/15/article/-4eb446841f.html
[35] Deniz Jalalian, sister Zeynab Jalalian, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[36] The identity of this prisoners is reserved in Justice for Iran’s archive
[37] Rebin Rahmani, interviews with Justice for Iran, Azar 1393
[38] Deniz Jalalian, sister Zeynab Jalalian, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393
[39] Facebook page of Amirsalar Davoody, Jalalian’s lawyer, 21 Mordad 1393
[40] Deniz Jalalian, Zeynab Jalalian’s, interviews with Justice for Iran, Aban 1393]]>
